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Typhoon Ike
Typhoon Ike, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Nitang, was the deadliest typhoon of the 1984 Pacific typhoon season and crossed the Philippines in September. This tropical cyclone formed on August 27 in the Philippine Sea, and strengthened as it moved westward into the southern Philippines, becoming a typhoon on August 31. Typhoon Ike caused extreme wind and flooding damage when it crossed the Philippines, resulting in 1492 fatalities,〔Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. (Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for the Month of August (1948-2000). ) Retrieved on 2007-02-04.〕 one of the Philippines' worst natural disaster in modern times, and its worst typhoon since Amy struck the archipelago in 1951. A total of 200,000 to 480,000 were left homeless. Emerging from the Philippines as a strong tropical storm, Ike restrengthened as it tracked northwest through the South China Sea across northeast Hainan Island. Weakening back into a tropical storm, Ike moved inland into mainland China. In Hong Kong, winds gusted to at Tate's Cairn. Extensive crop damage was experienced in southern China, with Ike becoming the most significant tropical cyclone to strike Guangxi since 1954. Total damage was reportedly US$111 million (1984 dollars).〔Hong Kong Royal Observatory (1985). (Meteorological Results: 1984. ) Retrieved on 2008-12-18.〕 The name Ike was retired after this season. Typhoon Ike was recorded with a 220 km/h gust and an estimated 185 km/h msw in Surigao on September 2 and is one of the intense tropical cyclones and devastating and deadliest to hit the RP.
==Meteorological history==
The meteorological history of Typhoon Ike can be traced back to an innocuous circulation of wind first identified as part of the region's monsoon trough southeast of Guam on August 21. Over the next few days, the disturbance failed to develop as a result of inhibiting wind shear which remained over the area. However, the shear quickly abated on August 25, allowing for convection to build and persist over the system's center of circulation; this prompted the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) to classify the storm as a tropical depression at 00:00 UTC the following day. Tracking generally northward, the depression continued to improve in organization and became more compact, allowing the JTWC to upgrade the system to tropical storm intensity on August 27 and thus assigning the tropical cyclone with the name ''Ike''.〔
Ike's track northward brought it 165 km (105 mi) southwest of Guam before the tropical storm stalled and turned towards the west-southwest on August 28 as a result of a subtropical ridge to its north. Initially, the lingering presence of wind shear slowed intensification,〔 but Ike briefly attained typhoon status briefly on August 29 as wind shear temporarily decreased before falling back to tropical storm strength.〔〔 These fluctuating atmospheric conditions eventually gave way to a sustained and favorable environment, allowing for Ike to expand in size and enter a second intensification phase. Now assuming a more westerly bearing, Ike continued to strengthen unimpedingly;〔 at 12:00 UTC on September 1, the typhoon reached its peak intensity with winds of 165 km/h (105 mph) and a barometric pressure of 950 mbar (hPa; 28.05 inHg) as analyzed by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA).〔
With this intensity Ike made landfall on the northeastern tip of Mindanao at around 14:00 UTC on September 1, taking 30 hours to track across the southern extent of the Philippines. The cyclone emerged into the South China Sea on October 3, but due to its interaction with the islands of the Philippines, Ike was a weak tropical storm upon its emergence. The storm tracked northwestward across the South China Sea over the next few days.〔 During this time, Ike regained its former typhoon classification and reached a secondary peak intensity on September 4 with winds of 165 km/h (105 mph) and a pressure of 955 mbar (hPa; 28.20 inHg), only slightly weaker than its peak strength.〔 The combination of a trough passing to the storm's north and the typhoon's proximity to land caused Ike to weaken prior to its September 5 landfall on Hainan. After traversing the island, the storm moved into the Chinese mainland as a tropical storm 110 km (70 mi) southeast of Nanning.〔 Thereafter, Ike quickly weakened and dissipated on September 6.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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